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A measure of central tendency is a single value that represents the typical or central value of a set of data. It is used to summarize the data by providing information about the central location of the distribution.

The three most commonly used measures of central tendency are the mean, median, and mode. The mean is the arithmetic average of a set of data, the median is the middle value of a data set when it is arranged in numerical order, and the mode is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set.

Each measure of central tendency has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the one that is most appropriate to use depends on the type of data and the purpose of the analysis. For example, the mean is often used when the data is normally distributed and there are no extreme values or outliers, while the median is preferred when there are extreme values or the data is not normally distributed. The mode is used when the goal is to find the most commonly occurring value or to describe nominal data.

Mean

The mean is the arithmetic average of a set of numbers. It is calculated by adding up all the numbers in the data set and dividing the sum by the total number of observations. The mean is affected by extreme values, or outliers, in the data set.

Median

The median is the middle value of a data set when it is arranged in numerical order. It is less affected by extreme values than the mean and is often used when there are outliers in the data set.

Mode

The mode is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set. Unlike the mean and median, the mode can be used with nominal and ordinal data, as well as interval and ratio data.

All three measures of central tendency provide information about the typical value of a data set, but the one that is most appropriate to use depends on the type of data and the purpose of the analysis.